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MANAGEMENT
OF ENVIRONMENTAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT |
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It
is difficult to define the noise accurately. Definitions have been
given that rotate around the concepts of unpleasant sound, not wanted
sound (maybe the one that more acceptance has in these moments),
harmful sound, agitator or harmful for who perceives it. |
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As
very wisely it indicates the latin etymology (rugitus, roar) of
the castilian word, the function of the perception of the noise
for the animals, included the man, is the alarm. In contrast with
it, that of the non noisy sounds is the communication. Although
the alarm is also a communication class: it is the communication
that it happens something threatening, to what urges to pay immediate
attention, with the rising abandonment of the occupation in course
and even of the rest. |
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With
the result that all the animals react before the noise escaping,
hiding or facing their cause aggressively. Previously, if they were
sleeping they wake up. The same behaviors are induced, by means
of the secretion of adrenaline, before any other sign of danger:
They are the behaviors characteristic of the fear, of the stress.
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The
man is not an exception. In him they are given the same reactions
instinctively although frequently modulated or inhibited by the
will, what increases the stress level. |
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It
is the form of more frequent and underestimated contamination. It
is caused by the exhibition to noises. The noise is a sound that
to certain intensity and time of exhibition produces damages (in
some irreparable cases) in our audition capacity, besides other
psychological and physiologic reactions in our organism. |
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This
apparatus allows us to measure the level of sound pressure objectively.
The results the expressed one in decibeles (dB). To determine the
auditory damage, the equipment works using a pondering scale "A"
that only allows to pass the frequencies to those that the human
hearing is more sensitive, responding to the sound in a similar
way that makes it this. |
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As
well as the temperature measures it in centigrade degrees, and the
distance in meters, the intensity of the noise is measured in decibeles
(dB). |
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Main
Causes of Noise Contamination |
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Noise
caused by the vehicular, air and rail traffic, noise of motors and
machinery (to the interior of the industries), architectural constructions
and repairs of highways (drills, tires, cranes, etc.), boisterous
music (discos, parties, traveling salespersons, etc.), domestic
apparatuses, explosions (mining, petroleum, civil construction,
etc.). |
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The
device consists of a microphone, a prosecution section and a reading
unit. |
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Effects
of the Noise about the Health |
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| •
Malaise. - This is maybe the effect more common of
the noise on people and the immediate cause of most
of the complaints. |
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| •
Interferencia with the Communication. - The level
of the sound of a conversation in normal tone is,
to the speaker's meter, of between 50 and 55 dBA.
Speaking loudly you can arrive at 75 or 80. On the other hand,
so that the word is perfectly intelligible it is necessary that its
intensity overcomes in around 15 dBA to the deep
noise. |
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•
Loss of Attention, of Concentration and of Yield. -
it is evident that when the realization of
a task needs the use of acoustic signs, the deep noise
it can mask these signs or to interfere with its perception. On
the other hand, a sudden noise will produce distractions
that will reduce the yield in many types of works,
especially in those that demand a certain concentration
level. |
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30 |
Impede
in reconciling the dream |
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40 |
Impede
in the verbal communication |
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45 |
Probable interruption
of the dream |
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50 |
Diurnal moderate
discomfort |
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55 |
Diurnal
strong discomfort |
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65 |
Verbal very difficult
communication |
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75 |
Loss
of ear(hearing) in the long term |
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| •
Dream trastornos. - The noise influences negatively
on the dream in three different ways that given,
in more or smaller degree according to individual
peculiarities, starting from the 30 decibels: |
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110 -
140 |
Loss of ear(hearing)
in the short term |
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1. By
means of the difficulty or impossibility of falling asleep.
2. Causing interruptions of the dream that, if they are repeated,
they can take to the insomnia.
3. Diminishing the quality of the dream, becoming this less calm and
shortening their deeper phases. |
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| •
Damages to the hearing. - The effect described in
this section (loss of auditory capacity), it is
a physical effect that depends only on the intensity
of the sound, although hold naturally to individual variations. |
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•
The stress, their manifestations and consequences. -
- Chronic fatigue.
- Tendency to the insomnia.
- Cardiovascular illnesses: hypertension, changes
in the chemical composition of the blood, heart
isquemias, etc. has been mentioned increases of
until 20% or 30% in the risk of attacks to the heart in subjected
people to more than 65 decibels in day period.
- Dysfunctions of the immune system responsible for
the answer to the infections and the tumors.
- Dysfunctions such psycophysical as anxiety, mania,
depression, irritability, nauseas, headaches, and
neurosis or psychosis in people predisposed it.
- Behavioral changes, especially such antisocial
behaviors as hostility, intolerance, aggressiveness,
social isolation and decrease of the natural tendency
toward the mutual help. |
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DESCRIPTION
OF THE WORK THAT IS GOING TO BE IMPLEMENTED (in agreement to Law) |
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To
guard over the sonorous quality in the urban way.
To guarantee the necessary quality of isolation of the buildings.
To regulate the sonorous levels and the unpunctual vibrations to any
reason. |
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The
Districts of Pacocha, Algarrobal & Ilo are understood inside
the one which all the activities or industrial, commercial facilities,
of service, construction, and works, as well as the social acts,
vehicles apparatuses and any entire other emission source that it
produces noises or susceptible vibrations of causing nuisances to
the neighborhood in their exercise. |
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Provincial Municipality of Ilo Av.
Costanera w/n Phono
: 51(053)784563 |
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